Common Causes for Root Canal Treatment

Root canal treatment is a common dental procedure performed to save a damaged, decayed, or infected tooth from becoming lost or causing more concerning symptoms. It is important to understand the causes and warning signs that indicate a possible need for a root canal.

When might a dentist recommend root canal treatment?

The most notable and common causes for root canal treatment are an oral infection, a broken tooth, deep tooth decay, and issues with a previous restoration. The following is a general overview of each common cause for needing root canal treatment.

An oral infection

A tooth infection occurs when bacteria accumulate in the root of a tooth. This can cause symptoms such as chronic tooth pain, tooth sensitivity, swollen gums and lymph nodes, and a fever. Root canal treatment involves accessing the root of the tooth (specifically the pulp chamber), removing the decayed dental pulp, cleaning and disinfecting the area, and finally filling and sealing the tooth.

A cracked or chipped tooth

Broken teeth such as teeth that are chipped or cracked from bruxism, dental trauma, or poor oral hygiene may require root canal treatment. This is particularly true if the crack or chip extends toward the root of the tooth. While a crown is ultimately the best way to restore the appearance and protect the tooth, a root canal procedure can reduce the risk of infection and ensure there are no other concerns with the tooth’s root in the long term.

A severe dental cavity

Small dental cavities (holes on teeth caused by acidic attacks to the enamel) can be treated with a dental filling. However, larger cavities require root canal treatment. This involves removing the decayed portion of the tooth, cleaning and disinfecting the tooth thoroughly, and filling the tooth with gutta-percha, which is more appropriate for larger cavities. A crown is often placed after a root canal for a dental cavity.

Issues with a previous filling

If there was an issue with a previous filling or if an old filling falls out and is not promptly addressed, then root canal treatment may be necessary. A dental filling is often all that is necessary for some cases of tooth decay, but if a filling is not sufficient in treating the concern, then a root canal treatment is the best option.

Signs that indicate a need for a root canal treatment

Any person who experiences prolonged tooth pain and sensitivity, tooth discoloration, or gum swelling should visit a dental professional to determine the best course of action. The dental professional can examine the tooth, determine the cause for the symptoms, and make a recommendation as to whether or not root canal treatment is necessary to save the tooth.